Drafting instrument.



s. A. L 1..' WIKBEIIG.

' DRAFTING INSTRUMENT.

, APPLICATION FILED JUNE 15, 1916. v I 1,227,862. Patented May 29, 1917.

2 mens-SHEET 1.

Il I f wrrNEssEs D'RAFTING INSTRUMENT.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE l5. 191s^ Patented May 29, 1917.

` 2 slums-suur z.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL A WIKBEEG AND JOHAN WIKBERG, or EvEnsoN, WASHINGTON.

DRAFTING INSTRUMENT.

Specification of Letters Patent.

lalciitcd- May 29, 1917.

l Application filed .Time l5, 1916. Serial No. 103,870.

To UM lr/mm t may concern.'

lic it known 4that we, Saumur. Winni-:nu and .loins Unai-1an, subjectsof thc hing of (treat Britain, residing at llvirson, in

4the county of Whatcom and State of 'ash-V ngt'oii, have invented a new'and useful Drafting lnsti'iiiuvnt,`of which thc followv ing is aspcciiicat-ion.

'lhis invention has i'cfcrenco to drafting instruments oi' tho charactershown and d0- sci'ibvd in Letters latont No.' 1,167,237, granted to usoii January l, 1916, and the object of the invention is to provid(` anarrangement whereby thc operation of thc iiistrument is greatlyfacilitated, thc purpose' of the instrument. being to providev 4for thequick and accurato calculation and drawing of a. liuc at any angle andthe. drawing of arcs and'circles, all without thc use of T and setsquares or. Compasses.

Th'einstrument described in thel aforesaid Letters Patent includes astraight odge ldiametrically andgrotatably mountedv within a circular.protractor, in turn carried by and slidably'arranged 'along a scalebeam` which 4latter is slidably mounted on and at right angles to ascale stock having. moans for its attachment to a drawingboard.

4The general arrangement of the present injyjent-ion'is similar to thatdescribed in the aforesaid patent, but the structure is muti riallyrefined and improved in various ways tailed description, taken inconnectirm with `the accompanying drawingsforniing part permittin a,more extended use and definite I control o the parts.

' The'invention will he best understood from a'consideration of thefollowing dcof `this specification, with the further under standingthat. while the drawings show a iracticalform of the invention, thelatter is not confined toany strict conformity with thc showing ofthedrawings, but. may be changed and .modified so long as such changes andmodifications come within the ,scope of the appended claims.

Vlu the dra\viiig;,s:f- [Figuie l is a plan view of the instriurionto'f'the' present invention applied to a drafting boa-rd."

Fig. Q is an clcvaiion willi sonw parts broken aw'ay', ofthe strui-.turvof Fi-g. l as view-0d from thc lower sido of the showing yof Fig. 1.

Fig. Bis an elevation with some parts to better show the parts.

lirokiii away of tho structure .of Fig. 1 as viewed Vfrom thc left handside thereof.

sliig. l is a perspective view of a portion oi' the scale stock andscale beam separated Fig. 5 is a. detail section through a portion ofthc p rotractor showing a means for claiiiping a movable part of theprotractor. li ig. 6 is a plan view of a portion of the inner ring ofthe piotra'ctoi.. showing a part of the main or support-ing ring of thepro- 4ia. drafting boadl having a sheet 2 of drawing.paper-attacliedthereto. i 'At opposite `ends of one edge of the board, and lower Athanthe top surface thereof. are brackts 3ffastened thereto by screws -L orotherwise, and'fachgbrackethas an arm 5 otfstanding fifoifhmthe boardand provided. with' an upturn'eitlmndfl `formed with an eye 7 for thcpassagemfra.pivot pinor screw 8. Ordinarily'the vye, .7 is threaded sothat vided with anazgi-'ally*'locatcd pivot extension 9 eiiterin'gth'lnfu'der t( ie xtci idt'lic usefulnessl of the scale stock l()` bothfaros ofthe latter aro pro- .iided with scalesl ori-graduations ll. Escale stock l0 is usually tiat. that is, it is ,wider than thick. aiidthil pivots riigagc it in thil longitudinal renti-r liiu` 'of the scalestock. so that iiiordlr to utiliz(` ono giraduat'ed fano or thc othrr asdesired it` is only pcccssary to turn,flipt/scalo stm-k over. but'ascertain parts warriiui by thc scali' stock aril not to hc riivcrsvd theyiiiust he removed from thil scali- .slocl-f and replaced llicrion soasl'o hart` thi lsainti 'iclatioii io tht` ,drawin Llr hoard ashoforif..

4Moliiitid on thc scafh stock l0 isa block l! fi-oni onc sidi` of'-which cxtcuds a Traunniadiup of -sidr arnis` ifi and connecting vohcsl'i. togothciwvith a liridgtl l-'i at :i suitable point. The voices 1landbridgo 15 Tho serve to space and stiften thc arms 18, and

'sufiiciently spaced to receive the scale stock 10 between them. Eacharm 13 has formed on the face presented toward the other arm anelongated tongue 16 adapted to a correspending longitudinal groove 17 onthe appropriate edge of the scale stock 10.

The block 12 with the arms 13 constitute a carrier foria scale beam 18having scales 19 thereon, which scales may be prof duced `on both sidesof the scale beam and the latter is arranged wfor reversal to permit theutilization of the Scale on both faces of the scale beam 18.

The scale stock 10 is, because of the 1ocation of the support-ingbracket arms 5, at a level belonr 'the' Working surface ot' the board 1,While the block'12 is sufiiciently elevated above the level of the scalestock to carry the scale beam 18 slightly above the Working surface ofthe board 1 and of the sheet of drawing paper 2 carried by the hoardl.One end of the scale beam l 18 is forked to provide two parallel tingers20 in line with the scale beam, and these fingers are formed Wlthtongues 21 and grooves 22 fitting corresponding grooves 28 and fitted bycorresponding tongues 24 on the upper or top portion of the block12, thearrangement being such that the tongues and grooves interlock in amanner to firmly hold the scale beam 18 in right angular relation to thescale stock 10, 'although ata higher level with respect to the Workingpositions of the'parts. yAt the same time the scalebeam 18 is capable otlongitudinal movement for the connection or disconnection of the forkedend of the scale beam with the tongues and grooves ot the block 12.- Bvan appropriately close tit the scale beam 18 may be made to hold itsposition inthe block 12 without additional fasten# ing means. althoughsuch fastening means may be used if desired. However, it is only atinfrequent intervals that the scalo beam 18 is removed from,l reversedand replaced in the block 12, so that there isrlittle liabilityof Wearand an initially close tit will remain such vfor a long period of time.

Adapted to the scale bea-m 18 is a slide 25 comprising elongated sidebars 26, 27. re-

spectively, connected by yokes 28 and a'- bridge 29 similar to thebridge 415 before mentioned. The sides 26 and 27 have interior tongues30 like the tongues 16 and knob 48.

these tongues engage in longitudinal edge grooves 3l in the scale beam18, so thatnot only may the slide 25 be moved lengthwise of the scalebeam, but this may be done with 'either tace ot the scale'beam 18presented uppermost.

Formed on-the arm 2T is a cireularprotractor ring 32' ot appropriatesize. the ring being thickened at intervals. as shown at 83, so as torest upon the paper sheet '2.

Seated in a channel 34 formed about the body ot' the protractor ring onthe upper surface thereof is a graduated ring 35, the channel B-t beingprovided with a circumferential rib 3G, and the `ring being formed witha corresponding circumferential groove 37, and also on its innerperiphery formed with a circumferential rahbet 538. Adapted to the inner'tace ot'the body ring 32 ot the protrartol. is another ring 39 having aeireuniterential lip 40 adapted to the rabbet 38.

The upper surfaces oi the rings :uid 39 forming part ot' the protrzulorhave graduations 41. 42. resmetively.

At an appropriate point the ring 8S) earries a clamp sereu' 48 on thel'aee remote from the graduations 42 and so positioned that its headwill hind on the main or body vring- 32 ot' the protraetol,thusresist-ing turning movements ot' the, ring 5i!) in the lnotractor. This'resist-ance need be no greater than to prevent accidental movements ofthe ring without preventing movements ot the ring 39 under forcespurposely applied.

Extending through the ring 39 at another point say, diametricallyopposite from the clamp screw fifi, is a bolt 44 having a T head 45seated in 'an appropriate recess 39. in the ring 89 ot the face remotefrom the graduated tace. while the T hea-diengages in a circumferentialrabbet i6 formed in theV main protraetor ring 32 on the under facethereof. ,The stein ot the bolt 4l rises through the ring 3S) and abovethe upper surface thereof where it is appropril ately threaded for the..reception of a reeessed thumb nut 4T and a manipulating The refess inthe thumb nut 47 is designed to receive. ay coiled spring 49 bearingupon the upper surtaceot the ring 39 to hold the head 45 of the bolt 44at all tinies-. in the rabbet 46. while the knob t8 sufiieientlv spacedfrom the thumb nut 47 to permit loosening ofthe latter. so that vthering 39 may be turned asdesired, lor4 may be clamped nut 47. v y

'Io hold the ring in adjusted positions there is provided a. clamp plate50 mounted in place by the thumb on the arm 27 and overlyingV the ring35,

the plate 50 being under the control of a thumb screw 51 so that' oneend of the plate may be made to bearwith appropriate pressure upon thering; $15 to hold itin place,

'and on loosening,r the thumb mit 51 i the 'nessure on thc rino' 35 is`released so that said ring maybe mot-ed to the desired extent.

For tine adjustmentV a vernie'r scale 52Vin operative relation to thescale on the ring 35 produced upon. the arm .27.

There is alsoprovided a threecornered rule -53 appropriately scaled, andthis rule has `pivot..supports' at kits ends in the. ringl 39, so thatone edge of the scale is ina diameter. of the ring 39, and by turning*the threecornered rule on its pivot supports any one of the corners ofthe. rule-may be bronght into the same diameter. To hold thetl1rce-gorncrmly rule `in adjusted posi! tions it is provided at eachend with grooves .54 adapted-to receive a finger 55'on one end of aspringr plaie 56 secured to the corresponding tace ot the ring 39 byscrews .57 or otherwifs A tlnunb piece 58 on the `spi-iin;` 5,6'provides for. the ready manipulation of. the finger and the ring 39 isappropriately recessed, .to receive tliedilning 56 andfitsv finger 55when nio-ved out ofa groove. 54. One of the pivots of the rule 53 isindicated at 60 in Fig. 6, a'ndit Will be understood thatthe 'rule hasa'similar pivot atthe opposite end. n

lhe three cornered rule 53 has a lrigitndi nal groove 6,1. along eachface to recelve a pin 62 and stein of a thumb screw 63 on` oppositesides ota ca'rriafre 64 of angular shape adapted 'to `slide a o ng therule 53% .The carriage is provided with apen or pen-. cil holder "i5 fora pen or pencll indicated at (3G, so that such pen .or pencilmay.en`

frage the sheet 2 to produce markings there.-

.on as desired.

. 1 i 'f L liaclr b'rulgeln and .29 has overhanglng ribs G7, onyol'iposite, sides toi `enter corresporidirgr grooves GS in a blodk 69capablemoving lengthwise'of the bridge, which is in. a directioncrosswise of the scale stock 10. or scale beam 18, as t'he `case may be.

lach block (Si). carries an .elastic indicator` tinger''() secured tothe -block by a screw 7l, and athumb not 72,thc screw 71 and the stem ofthe thumb nut 72 `passing' through elongated slots 73 in the finger 70to permit of lengthwise .adjustment of the finger. At .the extremity ofthe nger remote from the block 69 there is a pointed extension 7-1-adapted to engage in any one of numerous notclies 75 in the graduated.

faces of the scale stock 10 or scale beam 18,

as the case may be, such notches coinciding `with the graduatlons of thescale beam or scale stock. This permits the movement of-thc slide block12 with its frame13 or the slide 25 with the protraetor carried therebyi lcngthwise'of the respective partscarrying them with the point 74 of.the finger 70 positioning the parts as adjusted by enas indicated at59..

gagement in appropriate notches 75, but these notches are sufhcientlyshallow so as not to .resist movements of the parts m adjustment,although.- normally holdingr them.

position 'is reached.- i

bruce the scale stock and scale beam conand imlicati'nle,v to the userwhen the proper tain numerous graduations 'different fromeach other andarranged on opposite sides v*ot each face ot' the scale stock and scaleI' beam, thc capability'of thc indicator lingers ot' m'rn'emcnt alongthe respectivebridges 15 and 2.9 crosswise of the scale'beam and scalestock permits the use ofthe indicator fingers in connection with any oneofthe scales on. the respective stock `or beam.

The-depression of the scale stock with respect to the working face ofthe drawing board permits `the use of the instrument throughout theentire area of the drawing paper without interference of certain partsot' the structure .with other parts.4 This 'greatly extends therange ofthe instrument over thc instrument shown and described in the-aforesaidLetters Patent'.

.'lhe tlumi-cornered rule may be turnedl about its pivots and reversedin the protractor ring` thus giving the advantage of six scales. .Thecapability of turning the outer graduated ring ofthe protractor and(t-clamping it in adjusted positions enables an operator to set the rinat `a desired departure from the base line, there- .fore havingr theadvantage of Working With the inner ringi from a right angle or zero'point. whereby a very considerable amount ofliguring is eliminated;

'By providing the tw'o rings 35 and 39 yof the pifotractor, one with theEnglish system of n-ieasuremcnt and the other with the metric system ofmeasurement, both` systems' may be used at will.

All scales mayhave Vthezero,pointin the center and be laiiuluated inboth directions.V

\ lhe protluctor is made of a suitable material which will not Asoil thepaper and by I providingthe deeper )oi-tions 33 the body of the' ringand the ru e. carried thereby do not engage or rub upon the paper.4

.lVhat'is claimed is 1. Awlrafting instrument comprising a.4

scale stock, a scale beam disposed at right angles to the stock andmounted' on 'and movable along the stock at a higher level than thelatter, supporting means for the stock. located at thr ends thereof andadapted to he attached to oneside edge-0f adrafting board with the scalebeam `above fthel drafting board, and a protractor device car `ricd byand movable along the scale beam and related thereto to-be located abovethe working .surface of a drafting' board to which the draftinginstrument is attached.

2. A drafting .instrument comprising,r a

`scale Stock, means associated fthe scale ment is applied. and a-protractor device.y

mounted ou and mo\able. along the scale beam in position to be 1nelevated relation to the working surface ot the drat'ting board to whichthe instrument is applied.

it. drafting instrument comprising a scale stock. means associated withthe` scale stock `t'or attaching it to onel edge olE `a dral'ting boardbelow the-level of the working l'ace of the board. a Scale beam disposedat right anglestjo the stock and mounted on an'd movable therealong ata. height above the scale stock'to be located above the working surt'aceot' a board to which the instrument is applied. and a protraetor devic`mounted on and movable along the, scale beam in position to be inelevated relation to the working surface o t thedi'alting board to whichthe instrument is applied. said protraetor device being provided withdepending.portions for contact with drawing paper upon the drawingboard. whereby to support. the protlactor otherwise in elevated relationto the paper on the board to which the instrument is applied. l

l. A drafting instrument comprising a scale stock, a scale beamsupported by and at right angles to the scale StOCl-flml ndt justabletherealong7 a protraetor carried by and adjustable along the scale beam.and provided with a rotatable. ring. and a rule supported across therotatable ring with oneedge ot the. rule in a diameter ot the ring. saidrulehaving pivotal supports in the ring and said rule heilig rotatableon its pivotal supports about a longitudinal axis to present anv one ofa plurality ol' edges in said4 l'or rotation ol the rule about itslongitudinal pivotal axis for presenting any one of its edges in saiddiameter of the ring.v

(i. A\y dra l'ting instrument comprising a scale stock, a scale beamsupported in said scale stock at right angles thereto and adjustabletherealoug. a rotatable protractor ring and supporting means therel'oron and adjrtistable. along thescale beam. and a three- 4cornered rult,`supported across and rotatable with the ring with an edge of the rule ina diameter of the ring, said rule having pivotal supports at the ends inthe rinv for rotation of the rule about its longitudinal pivotal axisfor presenting any one of its edges in said diameter of the ring, saidring and rule having coacting means for releasably locking the rule indifferent positions of longitudinal rotation.

T. drafting instrument comprising a.4 scale stock, ascale beam supportedat right angles to and adjustable along the scale stock. a rotatableprotractor ring and supporting means therefor on and= adjustable alongthe scale beam. a three-cornered rule extending across and supported by'the ring aml rotatable therewith` one edge ot the rule heilig located ina diameter of the ring. said rule having its supports in the ring in theform of'pivots for rotation of the rule about its longitudinal'axis topresent anyone of its edges in the dian'leter of the ring, and 'a latchdevice on the ring for engaging the rule and holding it in any one ofits positions of adjustment about its longitudinal axis.

S. A drafting instrument comprising a scale stock, a scalebeam-supported atright angles to and adjustable along the scale stock, arotatable protractor ring and supporting means therefor on andadjustable along the scale beam. a three cornered rule mounted at theends in the ring land/.rotatable with the ring. said rule being also ro.

tatable about its longitudinal axis anellocated with respect to the ringto have any one ot' the edges ol' the rule located in a, diameter ot'the ring. and a holder t'or a marking implement mounted on the rulet'or,r

movement lengthwise thereof. v

t); draftingr instrument comprising a` scale stocli. a scale beamsupported at right angles to and adjustable along the scale stock, and aprotraetor mounted on and adjustable along the scale beam. said protract or comprising a supporting ring and other independently rotatablerings carried by the supporting ring, one of they rotatable rings beingprovided with a rule extending across and rotatable with it and located.with respect to the ring to have an edge in a diameter of the rinf'.-

10. Adrattmg instrument comprising a scale stock, a scale beam supportedat right angles to and adjustable along the scale stock, and aprotrae-tor mounted on and adjustable along the scale beam, saidprotractor comprising a supporting ring and other independentlyrotatable rings carried by theV supporting ring. one ofthe rotatablerings being provided with a rule extending across and 'rotatable with itand located with respect to the ring to have an edge in a dia eter ofthe rin-g, said rule being rotatable Vso uabout its longitudinal axisand provided with a pluralit)Y ol scales andedgijes. whereby any oneol.l the edges having a seale associated therewith may be located in thesaid diameter ot the ring.

11. drafting,r il'istrument eonn'n'ising a scalestoek, a scale beamsupported at right 'angles to and adjustable along:r the scale Stork,and a protran-tor rarrifal b v the s'ale.

beam and minable therealong, said pro tractor comprising a supportingring and other rings mounted thereon for, rotation thereabout, saidother rings havingA scales thereon, and mea'ns for holding-eachrotatable ring in an adjustedlpos-ition l'o'r independentlyholdingthel'btatable ring.; in its adjusted position.

12; A drafting instrument comprising`4 a *ale stoc'k, a scale beamsupported at right anda protraetor mounted on aml adjustable along thescale beam, said protraclor enmprising a supportingl ring, :mother ring'mounted on androtatable with respert to 'the supporting ring andprovided with a 'rule extending arross said rotatable' ring with oneedge of the rule in a diameter olv the ring, and means for holdin-g. therotatable ring in dili'erent positions of adjustment, comprising a clampbolt with a manipulating,r portion for rotating the ring and a. clampmemberon the clamp bolt for binding the ring`in` different positions oi`adjustment. i

13. A draftinginstrument, comprising a scale stoel, a scale beamsupported at right angles to and adjustable alert-,gr the scale stock,and a protractor mountedl on and adjustable along 'the scale beam, saidprotractor comprising a 'supporting ring, 'a

scale ring rotatably mounted on the sup porting ring, another scale ringrotatably mounted on the. supporting ring, means tor releasablyholding,r the first-named seale ring,` in adjusted positions on thesupporting ring, and means for releasabl y holding the secondnamed Scalering in adjusted positions on the supporting rin".

14. 'A drafting instrument'comprising a scale stock', a scalebeamsupported at right angles to and -nilgustable along the scale ai, lStock, an'd a protimctor n'lounted on and adjn-stable along the scalebeam, said protrae# tor comprising a supporting ring, a sc ale`ringrotatably Vniounted"`on the supporting ring, another seale ring`rotatably1 mounted on `the supporting ring-g, Ameans for releasabi)rholding the first-named scale ring m 'adj usted positions on` thevsupportin King, and means for releasabl)I holding tiesec'- 4ond-namedscale ring in adjusted positions on the'slipper-tirigring, the means forreleasably holding` the second-named scale ring in @adjusted positionsincluding` a ,manipulating member and a clamp member.

angles to and adjustable along a seale stoelt,`

1.7. A\ drafting;l instrument comprisingI a seule stoelt, a .sx-ale beamsupported at right angles to and :nl iustabhl tlarealon;. and aprotraetor earried b y and adjustable along' the scale beam, both thesealibeam and the .v

seale storlt', a sealibeam supported at rigfht'- i anales lo andadjustable along the seale stoek, and n prot raet'or larried b v a'n'dad `instable along the scale bean1,.an indiratintmeans on both the sealebeam and protraetor, said indieatinnmeans comlnisinnr la `spring lingerl'or engl'atqinnr the. 'ale beam or seale stoelt', as the rase may be, acarrierfor the springlinjjer, anda support for the, carrier extendingvrrosswise ol" the dirertion oll movement' ol' the seale beam orprotraetor. as tbe ease ma) be. lor :nl iustinent oll the spring' lingerinto operative.relation to'tlll.- l'erenl seals-s on the seale stoeltlor seule beam.

1T. Iraltingil instrument eomlirising a srale stoelt, a member mountedon and slidable along the scale stoel: and including a -bloek havinegrooves and ribs e.\;tendinf r` rrosswise. ol the length oll lhesralestock, and a scale beam having one end l'orlted and provided withllanges and grooves adapted to it 'the flanges and grooves of the block,whereby the scale beam may be applied to or removed 'from the block andwhen applied thereto be in' right angular relation to the stock.

aboard', of supporting members secured to one edge of the board near theends thereof, a scale stock pivot-ally connected to the supportingmembers at the ends ol' the scale stock and at a lower level than theworking surface of the drafting,bom-(ha member slitlable lengthwise othe seale stock and rising;r higher than the working -snrfaee 'of thedrafting board, a scale beam mounted on the earlying member andextending at right angles thereto over the Working surfaceof the drafting board, a carryinginember on the scale beam, a protractor on thecarrying member extending over the workin g sur'lace of the drawingboard.

19t The combination with a, drafting board, of supporting memberssecured to oneedge of the board near the ends thereof,

a scale stock. Jivotally connected to the supportingr mem ers at theends of the scale, ,steek and at z ower level than Vthe workmg surfaceot 1e drafting;r board, a memnai4 the Carrying member extending over the\\orking surface of the drawing board, seid protractor having portionsextending below the level of the surface toward the drawing board toengage paper mounted on the drawing board and thereby hold the protmctorand the scale benln from engagement with said paper.

.In testimony, that We claim the foregoing us oui' ow-n, we have heretoaflixed our sig- 10- nutures in the resence of two Witnesses.

AMUEL A. WIKBERG.

JOHAN WIKBERG. Witnesses H. P. JOHNSON, B. BALLARND,

